What is ROAS?
Return on ad spend (ROAS) measures how much attributed advertising revenue you generate for each unit of ad spend. It answers a revenue-efficiency question, not a full profitability question.
How to calculate ROAS
ROAS = attributed ad revenue ÷ ad spend when spend is greater than zero. Display it as a multiplier (for example 4.00x) or as a percentage (400%). If spend is zero, ROAS is undefined — this calculator will not show infinity or a fake 0x.
Worked example
$8,000 attributed revenue ÷ $2,000 ad spend = 4.0x ROAS, or 400%. Revenue minus ad spend equals $6,000. That difference is useful context, but it is not profit because cost of goods, fees, salaries, and other expenses are excluded.
Target ROAS
Required revenue for a target = target ROAS multiplier × ad spend. Additional revenue to target = max(required revenue − actual revenue, 0). Enter targets as multipliers such as 4.0, not as 400%.
What is a good ROAS?
There is no universal good ROAS. A viable target depends on gross margin, contribution after variable costs, repeat purchase value, attribution windows, and overhead. A 3x ROAS can be excellent for one business and unsustainable for another.
ROAS vs ROI
ROAS uses revenue. Marketing ROI in the Marketing Forecast Calculator uses net profit after ad spend. High ROAS can still lose money after product costs and operating expenses. Use both metrics with clear definitions.
Common ROAS calculation mistakes
- Mixing attributed and unattributed revenue in the numerator.
- Comparing gross revenue to spend while ignoring refunds and cancellations.
- Using mismatched date ranges for revenue and spend.
- Mixing currencies or converting inconsistently.
- Treating revenue minus ad spend as profit.
Frequently asked questions
Is ROAS the same as ROI?
No. ROAS is revenue ÷ ad spend. ROI depends on how you define profit and which costs you include.
Why is ROAS blank when spend is zero?
Division by zero is undefined. Showing 0x or infinity would be misleading.
Should target ROAS be entered as a percent?
No. Enter a multiplier such as 4.0 for a 4x target. 400% would be a different input convention and is not used here.
Does this include product cost?
No. ROAS ignores cost of goods and most other expenses. Use margin-aware planning separately when you need contribution or profit targets.